Bismillâh, wa l-hamdulillâh, wa s-salâtu wa s-salâmu `alâ rasûlillah
Times of the Fard (Obligatory) Prayers
1. Dhuhr (Early afternoon prayer): The time of Dhuhr begins after the sun descends from its zenith, known as zawwâl, and ends when an object's shadow equals the object's height plus the length of its shadow at the time of the sun's zenith.
2. `Asr (Midafternoon prayer): The time of `Asr begins at the end of Dhuhr prayer's time. The preferred time for its performance ends when an object's shadow equals double the object's height plus the length of its shadow at time of the sun's zenith, though the permissible time for it extends until the sun sets. It is offensive however to wait until the sun's light wanes to yellow.
3. Maghrib (Evening prayer)The time of Maghrib begins when the sun has completely set and ends with the disappearance of the red horizon.
4. `Ishâ' (Nightfall prayer): The time of `Ishâ' begins at the end of the Maghrib prayer's time. It is sunnah to delay the salâh of `Ishâ' till the yellow and white horizons disappear. But after a third of the night has passed, the preferred time for nightfall prayer has ended, though the permissible time extends until true dawn.
5. Subh/Fajr (Dawn prayer): The time of Subh begins at true dawn (Subh as-Sâdiq/Fajr as-Sâdiq), true dawn being when the sky around the horizon begins to grow light. Before this, a dim light sometimes appears overhead for some minutes followed by darkness, and is termed the deceptive dawn (Subh al-Kâdhib/Fajr al-Kâdhib). The preferred time for its performance ends when the day grows light outside, though its permissible time extends until sunrise.
It is best to pray every prayer at the beginning of its time, taking the necessary steps at its outset, such as purification, clothing one's `awrah, giving the adhân and iqâmah, and then praying. If less than one rak`ah of one's salâh occurs within the proper time (meaning that one does not raise one's head from the second sajdah of the rak`ah before the time ends) and the remainder takes place after it, then the entire salâh is considered as qadâ'. It is not permissible to intentionally delay the salâh until part of it is prayed after the time has terminated.
Times when it is Harâm to Offer Those Prayers Which Do Not Have an Immediate or Preceding Cause:
1. At the time of sunrise until the sun rises to the extent of the height of a spear (meaning when a distance equal to the sun's diameter appears between the sun and the horizon)
2. At the time when the sun is at its zenith until it declines, except on Fridays.
3. At the time the sun becomes yellow/pale until sunset.
4. After Subh salâh until sunrise.
5. After `Asr salâh until sunset.
The salâh offered at these times is unlawful and invalid and it will not discharge a person from a vow. It is permissible at the above times to offer salâh that are performed for a particular reason, such as salât al-Janâzah (funeral prayer), tahiyyat al-Masjid (greeting the mosque prayer), sunnah after wudû', and is also permissible to make qadâ' salâh, though one may not perform the two rak`ahs that are sunnah before entering the state of ihrâm.
It is neither harâm nor makrûh to offer salâh within the Sanctuary of Makkah at any time.
And Allâh Knows Best
Times of the Fard (Obligatory) Prayers
1. Dhuhr (Early afternoon prayer): The time of Dhuhr begins after the sun descends from its zenith, known as zawwâl, and ends when an object's shadow equals the object's height plus the length of its shadow at the time of the sun's zenith.
2. `Asr (Midafternoon prayer): The time of `Asr begins at the end of Dhuhr prayer's time. The preferred time for its performance ends when an object's shadow equals double the object's height plus the length of its shadow at time of the sun's zenith, though the permissible time for it extends until the sun sets. It is offensive however to wait until the sun's light wanes to yellow.
3. Maghrib (Evening prayer)The time of Maghrib begins when the sun has completely set and ends with the disappearance of the red horizon.
4. `Ishâ' (Nightfall prayer): The time of `Ishâ' begins at the end of the Maghrib prayer's time. It is sunnah to delay the salâh of `Ishâ' till the yellow and white horizons disappear. But after a third of the night has passed, the preferred time for nightfall prayer has ended, though the permissible time extends until true dawn.
5. Subh/Fajr (Dawn prayer): The time of Subh begins at true dawn (Subh as-Sâdiq/Fajr as-Sâdiq), true dawn being when the sky around the horizon begins to grow light. Before this, a dim light sometimes appears overhead for some minutes followed by darkness, and is termed the deceptive dawn (Subh al-Kâdhib/Fajr al-Kâdhib). The preferred time for its performance ends when the day grows light outside, though its permissible time extends until sunrise.
It is best to pray every prayer at the beginning of its time, taking the necessary steps at its outset, such as purification, clothing one's `awrah, giving the adhân and iqâmah, and then praying. If less than one rak`ah of one's salâh occurs within the proper time (meaning that one does not raise one's head from the second sajdah of the rak`ah before the time ends) and the remainder takes place after it, then the entire salâh is considered as qadâ'. It is not permissible to intentionally delay the salâh until part of it is prayed after the time has terminated.
Times when it is Harâm to Offer Those Prayers Which Do Not Have an Immediate or Preceding Cause:
1. At the time of sunrise until the sun rises to the extent of the height of a spear (meaning when a distance equal to the sun's diameter appears between the sun and the horizon)
2. At the time when the sun is at its zenith until it declines, except on Fridays.
3. At the time the sun becomes yellow/pale until sunset.
4. After Subh salâh until sunrise.
5. After `Asr salâh until sunset.
The salâh offered at these times is unlawful and invalid and it will not discharge a person from a vow. It is permissible at the above times to offer salâh that are performed for a particular reason, such as salât al-Janâzah (funeral prayer), tahiyyat al-Masjid (greeting the mosque prayer), sunnah after wudû', and is also permissible to make qadâ' salâh, though one may not perform the two rak`ahs that are sunnah before entering the state of ihrâm.
It is neither harâm nor makrûh to offer salâh within the Sanctuary of Makkah at any time.
And Allâh Knows Best
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